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Chlamydia are a wide-branched family of bacteria that, depending on their subgroups, can cause various diseases. Chlamydia is an intracellular pathogen and requires cells from other organisms for its survival and multiplication. They can cause many diseases, from pneumonia to vascular calcification, and possibly heart attacks. Two important subgroups can be distinguished:

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1. Chlamydia pneumoniae 

2. Chlamydia trachomatis 

Chlamydia pneumoniae can cause inflammation of the bronchi (bronchitis) and sinuses (sinusitis). This type of Chlamydia is widespread and can lead to pneumonia (often referred to as ‘atypical pneumonia’, which is usually mild in effect).

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